Het verschil tussen perpetual-futures en aflopende futures

2026-01-21 15:10:12
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This comprehensive trading guide compares perpetual futures and expiry futures, two distinct derivative products. Perpetual futures feature no expiration date, allowing traders to hold positions indefinitely on Gate exchange, while expiry futures require settlement at predetermined dates. The guide explains the funding rate mechanism unique to perpetual futures, which keeps contract prices aligned with spot prices through periodic payments between long and short traders. Key differences include flexibility, cost structure, and risk management approaches. Whether you're implementing long-term strategies or seeking defined exit timelines, this guide clarifies when to choose perpetual versus expiry futures, helping traders optimize their derivative trading strategies on Gate platform based on individual risk tolerance and investment objectives.
Het verschil tussen perpetual-futures en aflopende futures

Vervaldatum

Een van de fundamentele verschillen tussen perpetual-futures en aflopende futures ligt in de vervaldatum. Aflopende futures hebben een vooraf vastgestelde vervaldatum waarop het contract automatisch wordt afgewikkeld. Dit betekent dat handelaren hun posities moeten sluiten of rollen naar een nieuw contract voordat de vervaldatum verstrijkt.

Daarentegen hebben perpetual-futures geen vervaldatum. Dit biedt handelaren aanzienlijke flexibiliteit, omdat ze hun posities theoretisch voor onbepaalde tijd kunnen aanhouden. Kopers en verkopers kunnen hun posities zo lang open houden als ze willen, mits hun account voldoende marge heeft om eventuele verliezen te dekken en liquidaties te voorkomen. Deze eigenschap maakt perpetual-futures bijzonder aantrekkelijk voor handelaren die langetermijnstrategieën willen implementeren zonder zich zorgen te hoeven maken over het regelmatig rollen van contracten.

De afwezigheid van een vervaldatum elimineert ook de complexiteit en kosten die gepaard gaan met het overstappen naar nieuwe contracten, wat een belangrijk voordeel is ten opzichte van traditionele aflopende futures.

Financieringskosten

Om te compenseren voor het ontbreken van een vervaldatum, gebruiken perpetual-futures een uniek mechanisme genaamd financieringskosten (funding rate). Dit systeem is ontworpen om aanzienlijke afwijkingen te voorkomen tussen de prijs van perpetual-futures en de spotprijs van de onderliggende asset.

Het financieringsmechanisme werkt als volgt: wanneer de prijs van perpetual-futures hoger is dan de spotprijs, betalen long-posities (kopers) een financieringsvergoeding aan short-posities (verkopers). Omgekeerd, wanneer de perpetual-futures onder de spotprijs handelen, betalen short-posities aan long-posities. Deze periodieke uitwisselingen creëren een economische prikkel voor handelaren om posities in te nemen die de prijs terug naar het evenwicht brengen.

Het is cruciaal te begrijpen dat de financieringsvergoeding rechtstreeks wordt uitgewisseld tussen de long- en short-partijen onderling. De beurs fungeert alleen als tussenpersoon en int zelf geen financieringskosten. Dit peer-to-peer betalingssysteem zorgt ervoor dat de markt zelfcorrigerend blijft en de prijzen van perpetual-futures nauw aansluiten bij de spotmarkt.

De financieringskosten worden doorgaans op regelmatige intervallen berekend en uitgewisseld, vaak elk uur of elke acht uur, afhankelijk van het platform. Handelaren moeten deze kosten in hun strategieën meenemen, vooral bij langdurige posities.

FAQ

What is the main difference between perpetual futures and expiring futures?

Perpetual futures have no expiration date and use a funding rate mechanism to maintain price stability, while expiring futures have set expiration dates. Perpetuals offer continuous trading, whereas expiring futures require position settlement at contract maturity.

How do perpetual futures work? What is the funding rate?

Perpetual futures are derivatives with no expiration date. Traders profit from price movements with leverage. Funding rates are periodic payments between long and short traders, keeping contract prices aligned with spot prices. Rates fluctuate based on market sentiment and positions.

How are expiration dates for perpetual futures determined, and what impact does this have on traders?

Expiring futures have fixed settlement dates set by the contract specifications, typically quarterly or monthly. Traders must close positions before expiration or face forced settlement at the mark price. This creates urgency and can cause price volatility near expiration dates.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of perpetual futures compared to expiring futures?

Perpetual futures offer continuous trading without expiration, lower funding costs, and greater flexibility. However, they lack price discovery mechanisms at settlement and carry infinite loss risks. Expiring futures provide clear settlement points and natural position closure.

When should I choose to trade perpetual futures instead of expiring futures?

Choose perpetual futures for long-term positions without expiration pressure, lower liquidation risk through funding rates, and continuous trading flexibility. Select expiring futures for defined exit timelines and reduced holding costs during high volatility periods.

How are funding rates calculated and paid in perpetual futures?

Funding rates are calculated based on the difference between perpetual and spot prices, adjusted periodically. Payments occur every 8 hours, transferring between long and short position holders to maintain price equilibrium.

* The information is not intended to be and does not constitute financial advice or any other recommendation of any sort offered or endorsed by Gate.
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