- The "pre-market gap" before the US stock market opens, over 30% of which is caused by Asian retail investors trading late at night and European institutions laying out early positions.

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- London Gold has two daily "fixing prices." A hundred years ago, these were set by phone calls among five major bank executives; now they are machine-set, but the old terminology remains.
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- The Japanese Yen is a global arbitrage tool. When interest rates are low, investors borrow yen to buy high-yield currencies. When the yen appreciates, they collectively close positions, triggering market volatility.
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- The foreign exchange market has a daily trading volume of over $7 trillion, twice the total global stock market trading volume, and 90% of the trades are short-term speculation, not physical trade settlements.
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- Nasdaq was originally an "over-the-counter electronic display," not a formal exchange, until it gained licensing in 1975. Later, it surpassed the NYSE in popularity thanks to tech stocks.
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- The Federal Reserve's interest rate meeting statements often use vague language like "hawkish/dovish bias" to avoid overly absolute wording that could trigger extreme market reactions.